碩士生: 潘均祐
畢業年分: 2019年1月
論文名稱: 真空陰極電弧推進器之研發、設計與測試 (中文) / The Development, Design and Demonstration of Vacuum Cathode Arc Thruster (VAT)
中文摘要:
電力推進(Electric Propulsion, EP)通過高速排出電漿進而產生推力。通常,電力推進系統是透過電力系統消耗和電離推進劑,進而產生電漿流動。與傳統的化學推進相比,EP具有較高的比衝量,意味著推進劑的燃料轉化率也相對地高。本研究的重點是從設計、製作與實測的方面進行真空陰極電弧推進器(VAT)的開發。特徵在於,它不需要任何額外的推進劑進料系統,因為它同時使用陰極作為電極與推進劑。對於點火方面,塗覆在陰極表面上的微小點旨在誘導電漿流動,具有尺寸和重量減小的優點,這適用於微衛星。此外,使用具有電感器儲存電源系統的“無觸發”方法來產生脈衝電漿。這種放電方法可以顯著降低輸入功率。推力主要是由電漿流中金屬離子的高速排氣速度引起的,即離子密度,離子速度和離子電荷是重要參數。另一方面,本研究使用電池代替電源供應器來減少整個VAT能量處理單元,並通過測量放電電流和電壓之間的變化以估算單位脈衝所需的能量為0.266J,並透過離子檢測器來測量離子流為3.55A,離子速度為23150m/s。最後,根據理論分析,本論文VAT原型可以達到單發衝量為2.3uNs,比衝值2360s,整體效率約10%。
英文摘要:
The electric propulsion (EP) produces thrust by exhausting the plasma with high speed. In general, the propellant of EP is initially consumed and ionized via electric power system and it provides the plasma flow. Compared with the conventional chemical propulsion, EP has high specific impulse, and resulting high fuel conversion rate on propellant. This study focuses on the development of vacuum cathode arc thruster (VAT) in terms of design, manufacturing and demonstration. Characteristically, it does not need any additional feeding system of propellant because the cathode electrode doubles as propellant simultaneously. For the ignition system, tiny spots coated on the surface of cathode are aimed to induce the plasma flow with advantages of size and weight reduction, which is suitable to apply in the microsatellites. In addition, a ‘trigger less’ method with inductor storage power system was used for generating pulsed plasma. This discharge method can significantly reduce input power. Thrust is mainly caused by high exhaust velocities of metal ions in the plasma flow; undoubtedly, the ion density, ion velocity, and ion charge are important parameters. On the other hand, a battery instead of a power supply was used to reduce the entire VAT energy processing unit. The energy required for a single pulse was estimated to be 0.266J by measuring the change between the discharge current and the voltage. The ion current was 3.55A measured by ion detector, and the ion velocity was 23150m/s. Eventually, by theoretical analysis, the VAT prototype of this study can achieve a single impulse of 2.3uNs, a specific impulse of 2360s, and an overall efficiency of about 10%.
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